X.25 Protocol in Computer Network

X.25 Protocol:

It is an ITU-T standard protocol suite for packet-switched WAN communications. The general concept of X.25 is to create a universal and global packet-switched network. It is typically used in the packet-switched networks (PSNs) of common carriers, such as telephone companies. Subscribers are charged based on their use of the network.

X.25 is a family of protocols that was popular during the 1980s with Telecommunication Companies and financial transaction systems such as Automated Teller Machine (ATM).

Components of X.25 Network:

There are mainly three types of components of X.25 Network, those are:
1. DTE: It stands for Data Terminal Equipment. DTE is mainly a dumb terminal or the serial port used on a computer/workstation.

2. DCE: It stands for Data Communications Equipment. DCE is typically a modem, DCE is used to establish, maintain, and terminate communication network sessions between one data source and the receiving device.

3. PSE: It stands for Power Sourcing Equipment. It is a source of power, such as a PoE Ethernet switch. It contrasts with the powered device (PD), which uses power, such as a network camera or IP phone.

Characteristics of X.25 Protocol:

i. X.25 Protocol is optimized for low-speed lines (100kbps and below).

ii. X.25 has been the basis of the development of other packet-switched protocols like TCP/IP and ATM.

iii. These protocols can handle one-to-many connections

iv. These protocols have also the ability to match DTEs having different line speeds.