Data Types in C++

C++ Data Types:

Data Types are used to define the operations and store each of them. It can be classified into three major categories:

User-defined data type:

In C++, User-defined data types are Structure, Union, Class, enum etc.

Structure: Structures are used for grouping together elements with dissimilar types. It is often required to group logically related data items together. It has the following syntax:

struct name
{
  data type member1;
  data type member2;
  ..............
}

Union: Unions are conceptually similar to structures, it allows us to group dissimilar type elements inside a single unit. In unions, the same memory space is used for representing different member elements. As a result, union members can only be manipulated exclusively by each other. It has the following syntax:

union name
{
  data type member1;
  data type member2;
  ..............
}

Class: In C++, Class is a user-defined data type which is used to declare variables.

Enum: An enumerated data type is also a user-defined data type which provides a way for attaching names to numbers, it increasing the comprehensibility of the code. The enum keyword is used to assign those enumerate values.

Example :

enum shape{square, cirle};
enum color{blue, green};

Built-in data type:

In C++, Built-in data types are given as follows:

Type	Bytes	Range
char	1	-128 to 127
unsigned	1	0 to 255
int	2	-32768 to 32767
unsigned int	2	0 to 65535
long int	4	-2147483648 to 2147483647
unsigned long int	4	0 to 4294967295
float	4	3.4E-38 to 3.4E+38
double	8	1.7E-308 to 1.7E+308
long double	10	3.4E-4932 to 1.1E+4932