Types of Functions in C

Functions in C:

Functions are sub-programs that are used to compute a value or perform a task. They can’t be run independently. In C language, there are two kinds of functions are exist.

  • Built-in functions
  • User-defined functions

1. Built-in functions:

Built-in functions are used to perform standard operations.
Example:

scanf(), printf()

2. User-defined functions:

User-defined functions are self-contained blocks of statements that are written by the user to compute a value. It is used to compute and return the value of a specific data type to the calling program.

user function
Function Declaration:
The general syntax of a function declaration is given below :

type name(type argu1, type argu2, ......, type argun)
{

- - - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - - - -
return (variable);
}


where type is the data type of the value returned by the function and arguments expected.

argu1, argu2, ……, argun are the arguments that are variables that will receive the values from the calling program. name is the name of the function by which the function is called by the calling program.

Actual Arguments:

The arguments listed in the function calling statement that is called Actual Arguments.

Example:

argu

Formal Arguments:

The arguments used in the function declaration that is called Formal Arguments.

Example:

argu2

Recursion:

A function calls itself again to compute a value that is called a recursive function or recursion. A function is called by the main program but in recursion, the same function is called by itself repeatedly.

Example :

int fact(int x)
{
if(x==0)
return(1);
else
return(x*fact(x-1));
}